Escapement mechanism for type-writers.



A.YV.RIGHES. ESOAPEMENT MBCHANISM PoE TYPE WRITERS.

` APPLGATION PLED JUNE 5, 11H2.

1,100,844, Patented June 23, 1914.

A. W. RIGHES. ESOAPBMBNT MBGHANISM ron TYPE WRITERS.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 5, 1912.'

1 ,100,844.A f Patented June 23, 1914,

Z SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED r cerros.,

ESCAPELENT MEGHANLE FR To all f wwm it may concern Be 1t known that I, finissima W. Brenes, a citizen of the United States, residing at No. 212 North Fremont street, Los Angeles,

mechanism for typewriters of that class Y' wherein it is desired to provide' an improved attachment for the printing of word groups,

that -may be readily attached to any stand-- ard typewriter.

An 'object of the invention is primarily, the provision o improvements in controlling means for typewriter escapements, which can be attached to a typewriting machine, and used forprinting a plurality of words of two or three letters with greater speed and less effort on the part of the operator.

Another object of the invention is the provision of an improved attachment of the character stated, `that is adaptable to any standard typewriting machine and can be used to print any predetermined two or three letter word or words; such words being printed at any desired place in any line or sentence of words, as simply as the single letters and characters are now printed.

Another object of the invention is the provisiornof improvements of the stated character, that'can `loe used in combination 4with the single character printing means now: used, in which the single characters may be printed in the customary way to form any word, and the two or three letter words may be interspersed therewith, with any )redeterrnined group provided 'when the` print a two or three letter word or group to complete words commenced by the single characters or said plural letter groups may be used to print the desired word as indicated by the operating key constructed in accordance therewith, by a single stroke of the key as for any single character.

A further object of the invention is toprovide an attachment loperating in connection with the'keyboard and th'e spacing mechanism of a standard typewriting ma- Speeicsten of Letters ?atent.

scale of a portion 'of the operatin evicey is constructed, being used 'to typewriting machine standard 8. i

meniifsasafeea Pplicetion filed June Si, 1812. Serial No, 71913323.

chine, that is superior iiiirelativie 'sirjrrplicity and dure-bility, and di'npa'rativ rv'ice''l ability, n f 1:55 With the above and'other. iwi/ ',iew i the invention consists inthei'lnewfand novel" provision, forma-tion, construction, 'rgani o sation, combination, v`relattive'ifzgran e?v ment of parts, membersagxrd i" turca-'all aeo"vv hereinafter described, "show ""'thl A ings and final-1y pointed' lIn the drawings :MF-rigore 1 view .of a standard typewriter e the invention, such vie'y hw line ,X1-X1 otig. 2 ;'f of the typa'eisiiting mah i invention srzteriorly 'Sihwig' l 'spartashown .in F ig. 1 Ifigfis' afjfragmentary' .View to an enlarged sale'ofa part fof lthev 74) esca pement mechanism; Figi a yis' a fragmentary View to an enlarg l"scale ffth'esi"y capement sprocket and it pa Fig. 2; Fig.v 5 is a side ele ati ing made in Fig. 4t; n v top plan view of the operating me Fig. 7 is a perspective7 `toen Like characters of eferenc'idend parts throughout the T Sfveralffvew drawings.

Referring more particularly@ hv E, ings, the letter A designatefsfthe eyboard' of a typewriter provided with;thelusual'le vers 7 extending fromthe keys dit the' erating ine-ans B. Th'efescapem tmecha-y; nism C is located. oncthe'; rward portion of the frame stan 'l D is the customaryfplate with which the typecerir ate to print in accordancelv A tahlished practice an'dfsuoh means not shown, custihinaril'y h move the platen transversely v pts i carriage are connected vwith A th ,sta dard y,

ing of the printed chata The keys a of the laeylpofa ITS `ict-liti the relatively long arms y'keatending.,therefrom, i to a standard 8 dependan "the portion vT100 of the frame standards re designed,4 to operate in the slots; 9`Viproy1zded tened to each of thel long arms operating means B to a guiding-slot 39 int provided with the connecting-rods 10 fas- The escapement operating means B comprises -the transverse rods 11, 12 and 13 which are dis osed directly beneath the long arms 7 and tlie integral 411nks 14, 15, and 16, at each end of said rods extend to the ends or adjacent the ends of the supplemental transverse rods 17, 18 and 19 where the ends of said links are provided' with the arms or lugs 20, 21 and 22 projecting therefrom.

Tension springs 23, 24 and 25 are fastened to said lugs and to the frame standard as at 26, 27 and 28. Formed integrally with or fastenedvon the rods 17, 18 and 19, are arms 29, 30 and 31 which extend referably upwardly and thence rearward y of the typewriting machines where their ends are m-ovably guided in the slots 32, 33 and 34 in the plate 35 v; such plate 35 being provided preferably as a part of the operating stem v 36 which is designed to be moved upwardly and downwardlybythe arms 29, 30 and 31 operating in the slots 32, 33- and 34. In

order to return the stem 36 to its normal position the spring 37 is in tension Iat its lower end and such spring 37 is fastened to a part of the frame standard as at 37.

A series of springs 38 may 'be provided, one in connection with each of the long arms 7, this facilitating the actuation of the arms so that they will always return when the keys a are released from pressure, to Inrlnal position as shown in Fig. 1.

The cscapement mechanism C comprises the operating-stem 36 extending from the the guide-standard 40 which may `be cast or formed integrally of the frame standards or may as shown, be separably fastened thereto as at 41. The sprockets 42 customarily used in all typewriting machines, having a shaft 43 with which the necessary platen mechanism, not shown is connected to move the platen transversely of the ma-4 chine when the sprocket-teeth 44 are disengaged. With particular reference to Figs. 4 and 5 ofthe drawings, the operating-stem 36 is shown as being spaced away from the sprocket. 42 and extending parallel to the vertical plane of its rear face; such stem 36 having pivotally fastened thereto at a point in registration with the Icenter of the sprocket as at 45, the radial arm 46 having` a. spring 47 thereon and also having at its end the dog 48 teeth 44. The dog 49 projecting from the stem 36 is designed to engage t e sprocket teeth 44 when the stem 36 is moved upwardly by eitherone of the arms 29, 30 or 31 of the operating means'B being moved and the dog 48 is at the same time disengaged from the teeth 44.

`move the arm until it is for engagement with the such ro'ds 50 and 51 being guided inthe openings 52 in the part 40 of the guidestand'ard 40 and provided with the dogs 53 in the 'slot 54 which latter are provided with the diagonal slots 55 thi'ou h which extend the pins 56 fastened in sai rods 50 and 51.' a

The long arms 7 are each provided with thel clearance slots 57 and 58 pose hereinafter more fully described.

The shoulder 59 of the standard 40 against which the radialv arm 46 and its dog 48 normally rest, is so designed as to hold the lsprocket 42 from rotation and to allow the dog to be disengaged from the teeth 44'of the sprocket 42 when the spring'47 will stopped by one of the dogs 53 or by the shoulder 60 also provided inthe standard 40. `When the dog 48 is disengaged then the sprocket may rotate until it is stopped from rotation by the dog 49 engaging therein y disengagement of the dog 48 and the engagement ofthe dog 49 the sprocket 42 travels approximately one-third of the distance between any two of the teeth 44.

A briefv statement ofthe operation of the parts comprising the invention, is as for the pur-y and between such.

follows :--The keyboard of the usual single printing characters is Jrovided and any predetermined number ofl three letter characters vided in any plurality keyboard, referably infront of said single character eys as shown in lthe drawings. When it is desired to print any single character, the key indicating such character to be printed is pressedv ownwardly in the usual way by using a finger of eitlerl hand, which causes the long arm 7 to move downwardly and thus engage the rod 11; the

o-r words may be proof rows added to such clearance slots 57 and 58 being provided for the purpose of allowing the rods 12 and 13 to enter therein so that said last mentioned rods will not be moved, and the link 14 turns the rod'17 thereby moving the end of the arm 30 upwardly in the slot 33 to engage in -the upper end of said slot 33, .thus moving the stem 36 upwardly and likewise the rod 51 upwardly, wl ch releases the dog 48 of the arm ..46 from engagement with the sprocket 42; such arm 46 then being moved `by the spring 47 to the first of the dogs 53 thereby allowing the sprocket to be turned by the platen mechanism, until one of the teeth 44 of said sprocket is engaged by the dog 49, all of which is done while the key has been pressed downwardly and while the printing has been done.

keys to print two or The rod 51 is so dog 48 against modem adjusted in its moifement that the dog 53 is vprojected into the path of radial travel of the arm 46 and its dog 48 is thereby engaged or stop ed against further forward movement w ile the sprocket is held a ainst rotation by the dog 49 beingA broug t into en gagement with the irst tooth of the s rocket next in line when the dog 48 was rst released. When the ressure is released from the key and it is al owed to travel upwardly to its normal position being assisted by the spring 38' provided for that purpose, the stem 36 is moved downwardly and the dog 48 is thereby brought into engagement with the sprocket tooth next in line to the one it was just released from when the key was pressed downwardly, such engagement of the dog 48 taking place at the same time the dog 49 is disengaged from the sprocket, thereby allowing the sprocket to be turned from one tooth to the next adjacent tooth of the sprocket; the arm 46 being moved by the rotation of the sprocket for the necessary spacing of the next characterto be printed and being stopped against rotation bythe dog 48 being brought into engagement against the shoulder 59 of standard 40.

To print a two letter character or word the key of the series a indicating the particular character desired is depressed as' hereinbeforc described for the single character, such depression of said key moving the long arm 7 and pulling downwardly on the ty f :ffcnnectingrod 10, which o crates the typesarryingbars (l thereby per orming the printing operation; such long arm 7. also pnliing downward the transverse rod 13 which through the medium of the links 15 turns the supplemental rod 19, thereby raising the arm 29 in the plate slot 32. The rod 50 has thereby been moved upwardly, thus moving the pin 539 in the slot 55 and moving the dog 53 into the path ol radial travel oi the arm 46 and its dog 48, so that when the maximum downward movement of the-key a has been reached, the end of the slot 32 has been engaged by the end of the erin Q9, which engagement has moved the stem 36 upwardly to disengage the dog 48 from the sprocket 42, at the same time that the dog 49 is moved upwardly to engage in the sprocket. The s rocket rotates approximately one-third' o: the distance from one tooth to another during the time of its dis,-

engagement from the dog 48 and its engagement by thc-'dog 49 as the keys a' are pressed down and the arm 46 moved under pressure of the spring'47, brings said arm and its the dog 53, .such dog 53 bcing projected prior to the time of the disengagement of the dog 48 from the sprockeh When the pressure employed to move or hold the key down 1s removed, the`dog48 is brought into engagement withy the sprocket land travels the distance of two of the teeth 44, not less the distance of travel on the downward pressure of the keyy thereby promsy viding a space double that hereinbefore de,n

scribed f for the single characters. AThe sprocket 'is rotated whenever the dogs 48 or 49 are disengaged therefrom by the momentum of the platen operating mechanism not shown, and the dog 48 stops the rotation of the s rocket by engaging on or inthe shoul er 59, until such time as another of the keys a, a or a are depressed. The slots 57 and 58 in the long arm 7 are so arranged inl'this instance that the long arm will not movei the rods 11 and 12 which enter into said slots.

To print a three letter character or word group,or a characteriembodyin a three letter space, one of the series o keys e corresponding with the Word or character it is desired to print, is depressed, which moves the long arm 7 to operate the typebars d as hereinbefore described and said long arm 7 having the slots 57 and 58 so arranged that it will not move the rods 11 and 13 but will press downwardlyon tbe rod 1Q, thus through the medium of the links 15 turn the rod 18 which creates u ward movement of the arm 31 in the plate ot 34, and further downward pressure of the key a causes the arm 31 to engage the plate 35 at the upper end of the slot 34, thereby moving the stem 36 upward to disengage the dog 48 and engage the dog 49 as hereinbefore described for printing single characters and also forl printing two letter characters or word groups as herein-before described. As the stem 36 is moved upward the dog 48 is released from engagement with the sprocket and the pressure of the spring 47 swings the arm 46 radially of the teeth of the sprocket so that it moves to the shoulder 6() as the dog 49 is brought into engagement for the printing operatlon while the sprocket 42 has een rotated to bring the following tooth 44 into engagement with said dog 49 as is clearly shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings. When the key is released from pressure at its downward position the stem is moved downwardly thus bringing the dog 48 into `en gagement with the third tooth following the tooth it was released from by the depression of the key a as just set forth; the spacing o eration thereby takes place in steps when t 1e key is depressed and when it is released as hereinbefore described for single and double characters.

The invention may be used to print any desired'number of one, two or three letter characters in succession or any one, two or three letter characters may be printed lat any desired place 1n any word or 1n any portion of a word previously printed by any other characters, either singular or plural.l

Particular attention is given the escapement means C with regard to the spacing, which is what I term step spacing. It is found that all standard typewriting machines now on the market which have been made recently, are provided with spacing means for providing a part of the space lwhen the character keys are depressed and the remainder or completion ofthe spacing operation takes place when the key is released. This step spacing means is provided so as to minimize the shock that the platen and the carriage would be subjected if the spacing take place in one operation, when a plural lettered group is printed, which thereby increases theterm of usefulness of the machine.

In conclusion I do not desire to be understood as limiting myself to the specific provision, formation, construction, combination, association, or relative arrangement of parts,

members and-features shown and described,

but reserve the right to vary the same, in adapting the improvements to varying conditions of use,` without departing from the spirit of theinvention, and the terms of the following claims. f

I claim:-

1. In a typewriter, the combination with an escapement wheel, of a fixed stop, a reciproeabledog-carrier, a dog pivoted on said rcarrier-`a11d adapted for engagement with said stpp yunder` the action of said wheel to arrest movement of the'latter, a spring caus ing free movement of said dog when said carrier is reciproeated in one direction to release engagement between said dog and wheel, said carrier having a detent dog for engagement with said wheel upon release of said pivoted dog therefrom, a plurality of limiting stops `normally out of the path of the pivoted dog, and selective key operated mechanism for moving 'said limiting stops into the path ot said pivoted dog to vary the free movement of said pivoted dog, substantially as described.

2. In a typewriter, the combination with an escapement wheel, of a fixed stop, a 'recipm i'ocablel dog carrier extending diametrically across said wheel, a dog pivoted on said earrier and adapted for engagement with said stop under the action of said wheel to arrest movement of the latter, a spring causing free movement of said dog when said carrier is reeiproeated in one direction to release engagement between said dog and wheel, said carrier having a detent dog for engagement with said wheel upon release of Vsaid pivoted dog therefrom, and selective key operated mechanism for varying the free movement of said pivoted dog, said selective mechanisn-i including a pluralit of stops normally out of the path of said rst mentioned dogI and means to move one yof said stops into said ath.

3. na typewriter, the combination with an escapement wheel, of a reciprocable dog carrier, a dog movably mounted on said vcarrier and adapted for wheel arresting movement under the action of said wheel to arrest the latter and adapted for free movement with respect to said wheel when said carrier is reciprocated in one direction, said carrier having a detent dog for engagement with said wheel upon movement of said carrier to release said movable dog therefrom, and selective key operated mechanism for limiting the free movement of said first named dogA to vary the spacin movement of said wheel, said selective mec anism including a plurality of stops normally out of the path of said first mentioned dog and means to move 4one of said stops into said path.

4:. In a typewriter, the combination with an escapement wheel, of a fixed stop, a plurality of dogs adapted for alternate engagement with said wheel to limit movement thereof, one of said dogs coacting with said stop under the action of said wheel to limit movement of said wheel and being freely movable with respect to said wheel when released therefrom, and mechanism for' varying the free movement of said last named dog for controlling its rengagement with said wheel to vary the spacing movement thereof, substantially as described, said mechanism including a plurality of stops normally out of the path of movement of said last mentioned dog and means to move a selected stop into said path. l

Y 5. In a typewriter, the combination with single and word type operating keys, of an escapement wheel, escapenient mechanism operable by any of said keys for limiting movement ot said wheel and including a movable dog, and means operabic by said word type keys for varying the action ot' said escapement mechanism on said wheel with respect to the axis thereon upon depression of said single type keys, said means including a plurality of stops normally out of the path ot said movable dog, one of said stops being operable by the depression of t-he single type keys and the reinainder of said stops being operable by depression of certain of the word operating keys to move into the path ot said dogs.4

G. In a typevriter, the combination with an escapement wheel, of a pair of dogs adapted for alternate engagement therewith to limit movement of said wheel, one of said dogs having a fixed path of movement to provide a fixed preliminary and partial spacing prior to impression of the type, the

provide other (10% having a variable movement to or greater or less spacing subsequent to impression of thetype, single type 'and word type keys, and automatically acting selective mechanism operated upon de- .pression of any of the keys for actuating required greater or less spacing subsequent 10 to an impression. Y

In testimony whereof, I have signed my Anare to this specification in the presence of the two subscribin witnesses.

A THUR W-. RICHES. Witnesses:

W. F. SEEMAN, F. G. 'HENTIG. 

